Abstract
The present study investigates conviviality, as related to social capital, in entrepreneurial communitiesand how it makes social relationships a context for developing business relationships and
recognizing entrepreneurial opportunities. The methodology adopted includes both qualitative (indepth
interviews, case analysis) and text-mining techniques for the analysis of qualitative data. The
empirical research is based on emblematic cases of Italian entrepreneurial communities from the
textile-clothing industry, located in Italy and China. The study sheds light on the mechanisms (from
social to business relationships) that conviviality can trigger and the drivers of these mechanisms.
The potentials and limits in using of conviviality for entrepreneurial activities are highlighted at the
end of the paper.
Riferimenti bibliografici
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Ameripour, A., Nicholson, B., & Newman, M. (2010). Conviviality of Internet social networks: An exploratory study of Internet campaigns in Iran. Journal of Information Technology, 25(2), 244-257.
Anderson, E., & Weitz, B. (1989). Determinants of continuity in conventional industrial channel dyads. Marketing Science, 8 (4), 310-323.
Baron, R. A., & Ensley, M. D. (2006). Opportunity recognition as the detection of meaningful patterns: Evidence from comparisons of novice and experienced entrepreneurs. Management Science, 52(9), 1331-1344.
Bourdieu, P. (1980). Le capital social, Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 31 (31), 2-3.
Boyce, C., & Neale, P. (2006). Conducting in-depth interviews: A guide for designing and conducting in-depth interviews for evaluation input. Pathfinder International Tool Series, Monitoring and Evaluation.
Coleman, J.S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-120.
Cova, B. (1997). Community and consumption: towards a definition of the “linking value” of product or services. European Journal of Marketing, 31 (3/4), 297–316.
Doddington, G. (2002). Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation Quality Using N-gram Co-occurrence Statistics, in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, 138-45.
Foss, N. J., Lyngsie, J., & Zahra, S. A. (2013). The role of external knowledge sources and organizational design in the process of opportunity exploitation. Strategic Management Journal, 34(12), 1453-1471.
Fusaro, D. (2014). Il Futuro è nostro. Filosofia dell'azione, Bompiani, Milan.
Gedajlovic, E., Honig, B., Moore, B., Curt, C.B., Payne, T.G., & Wright, M. (2013). Social capital and entrepreneurship: A schema and a research agenda. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(3), 455-478.
Germov, J., William, L., & Freij, M. (2010). Portrayal of the slow food movement in the Australian print media. Conviviality, localism and romanticism. Journal of Sociology, 47(1), 89-106.
Granovetter, M. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1360-1380.
Granovetter, M. (1985). Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91 (November), 481-510.
Granovetter, M. (1992). Economic institutions as social constructions: a framework for analysis. Acta sociologica, 35(1), 3-11.
Granovetter, M. (2005). The impact of social structure on economic outcomes. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19 (1), 33-50.
Guercini, S., & Ranfagni, S. (2016). Conviviality behaviour in entrepreneurial communities and business networks. Journal of Business Research, 69 (2), 770-776.
Håkansson, H. (1982). International marketing and purchasing of industrial goods: An interaction approach, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Håkansson, H., & Snehota, I. (1995). Developing relationships in business networks, Routledge, London.
Håkansson, H., & Snehota, I. (2002). The IMP perspective: assets and liabilities of business relationships. Understanding business marketing and purchasing: an interaction approach, 35-50.
Håkansson, H., Ford, D., Gadde, L.-E., Snehota, I., & Waluszewski, A. (2009). Business in Networks, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Illich, I. (1973). Tools for conviviality, Harper & Row, New York.
Inkpen, A. C., & Tsang, E. W. (2005). Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 146-165.
Kwon, S. W., Heflin, C., & Ruef, M. (2013). Community social capital and entrepreneurship. American Sociological Review, 78(6), 980-1008.
Lichtenstein, G. A., Lyons, T. S., & Kutzhanova, N. (2004). Building entrepreneurial communities: The appropriate role of enterprise development activities. Community Development, 35(1), 5-24.
Lloyd, S. (2002). Pleasing spectacles and elegant dinners: conviviality, benevolence, and charity anniversaries in Eighteenth-Century London. Journal of British Studies, 41, 23-57.
Lohr, S. (1982). When money doesn’t matter in Japan, New York Times (December 30).
Macaulay, S. (1963). Non-contractual relations in business: a preliminary study. American Sociological Review, 28 (1), 55-67.
Maitland, R. (2008). Conviviality and everyday life: the appeal of new areas of London for visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10 (1), 15-25.
Morgan R. M. & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58 (3), p.20-38.
Maitland, R. (2008). Conviviality and everyday life: the appeal of new areas of London for visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(1), 15-25.
McKeever, E., Anderson, A., & Jack, S. (2014). Entrepreneurship and mutuality: social capital in processes and practices. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 26(5-6), 453-477.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266.
Putnam, R. (2001). Social capital: Measurement and consequences. Canadian Journal of Policy Research, 2(1), 41-51.
Ruiter, S., & De Graaf, N. D. (2006). National context, religiosity, and volunteering: Results from 53 countries. American Sociological Review, 71(2), 191-210.
Shu, R., Ren, S., & Zheng, Y. (2018). Building networks into discovery: The link between entrepreneur network capability and entrepreneurial opportunity discovery. Journal of Business Research, 85, 197-208.
Spradley, J. P. (1979). The ethnographic interview, Holt, Rinehart, New York.
Steinbach, M., Karypis G., &, Kumar, V. (2000). A Comparison of Document Clustering Techniques, in Proceedings of World Text Mining Conference, KDD2000, Boston.
Williams, Q.E., & Stroud, C. (2013). Multilingualism in transformative spaces: contact and conviviality. Lang Policy, 12, 289–311.
Yin, R. (2003). Case study research, Sage Inc, California.
Ameripour, A., Nicholson, B., & Newman, M. (2010). Conviviality of Internet social networks: An exploratory study of Internet campaigns in Iran. Journal of Information Technology, 25(2), 244-257.
Anderson, E., & Weitz, B. (1989). Determinants of continuity in conventional industrial channel dyads. Marketing Science, 8 (4), 310-323.
Baron, R. A., & Ensley, M. D. (2006). Opportunity recognition as the detection of meaningful patterns: Evidence from comparisons of novice and experienced entrepreneurs. Management Science, 52(9), 1331-1344.
Bourdieu, P. (1980). Le capital social, Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 31 (31), 2-3.
Boyce, C., & Neale, P. (2006). Conducting in-depth interviews: A guide for designing and conducting in-depth interviews for evaluation input. Pathfinder International Tool Series, Monitoring and Evaluation.
Coleman, J.S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-120.
Cova, B. (1997). Community and consumption: towards a definition of the “linking value” of product or services. European Journal of Marketing, 31 (3/4), 297–316.
Doddington, G. (2002). Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation Quality Using N-gram Co-occurrence Statistics, in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, 138-45.
Foss, N. J., Lyngsie, J., & Zahra, S. A. (2013). The role of external knowledge sources and organizational design in the process of opportunity exploitation. Strategic Management Journal, 34(12), 1453-1471.
Fusaro, D. (2014). Il Futuro è nostro. Filosofia dell'azione, Bompiani, Milan.
Gedajlovic, E., Honig, B., Moore, B., Curt, C.B., Payne, T.G., & Wright, M. (2013). Social capital and entrepreneurship: A schema and a research agenda. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(3), 455-478.
Germov, J., William, L., & Freij, M. (2010). Portrayal of the slow food movement in the Australian print media. Conviviality, localism and romanticism. Journal of Sociology, 47(1), 89-106.
Granovetter, M. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1360-1380.
Granovetter, M. (1985). Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91 (November), 481-510.
Granovetter, M. (1992). Economic institutions as social constructions: a framework for analysis. Acta sociologica, 35(1), 3-11.
Granovetter, M. (2005). The impact of social structure on economic outcomes. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19 (1), 33-50.
Guercini, S., & Ranfagni, S. (2016). Conviviality behaviour in entrepreneurial communities and business networks. Journal of Business Research, 69 (2), 770-776.
Håkansson, H. (1982). International marketing and purchasing of industrial goods: An interaction approach, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Håkansson, H., & Snehota, I. (1995). Developing relationships in business networks, Routledge, London.
Håkansson, H., & Snehota, I. (2002). The IMP perspective: assets and liabilities of business relationships. Understanding business marketing and purchasing: an interaction approach, 35-50.
Håkansson, H., Ford, D., Gadde, L.-E., Snehota, I., & Waluszewski, A. (2009). Business in Networks, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Illich, I. (1973). Tools for conviviality, Harper & Row, New York.
Inkpen, A. C., & Tsang, E. W. (2005). Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 146-165.
Kwon, S. W., Heflin, C., & Ruef, M. (2013). Community social capital and entrepreneurship. American Sociological Review, 78(6), 980-1008.
Lichtenstein, G. A., Lyons, T. S., & Kutzhanova, N. (2004). Building entrepreneurial communities: The appropriate role of enterprise development activities. Community Development, 35(1), 5-24.
Lloyd, S. (2002). Pleasing spectacles and elegant dinners: conviviality, benevolence, and charity anniversaries in Eighteenth-Century London. Journal of British Studies, 41, 23-57.
Lohr, S. (1982). When money doesn’t matter in Japan, New York Times (December 30).
Macaulay, S. (1963). Non-contractual relations in business: a preliminary study. American Sociological Review, 28 (1), 55-67.
Maitland, R. (2008). Conviviality and everyday life: the appeal of new areas of London for visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10 (1), 15-25.
Morgan R. M. & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58 (3), p.20-38.
Maitland, R. (2008). Conviviality and everyday life: the appeal of new areas of London for visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(1), 15-25.
McKeever, E., Anderson, A., & Jack, S. (2014). Entrepreneurship and mutuality: social capital in processes and practices. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 26(5-6), 453-477.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266.
Putnam, R. (2001). Social capital: Measurement and consequences. Canadian Journal of Policy Research, 2(1), 41-51.
Ruiter, S., & De Graaf, N. D. (2006). National context, religiosity, and volunteering: Results from 53 countries. American Sociological Review, 71(2), 191-210.
Shu, R., Ren, S., & Zheng, Y. (2018). Building networks into discovery: The link between entrepreneur network capability and entrepreneurial opportunity discovery. Journal of Business Research, 85, 197-208.
Spradley, J. P. (1979). The ethnographic interview, Holt, Rinehart, New York.
Steinbach, M., Karypis G., &, Kumar, V. (2000). A Comparison of Document Clustering Techniques, in Proceedings of World Text Mining Conference, KDD2000, Boston.
Williams, Q.E., & Stroud, C. (2013). Multilingualism in transformative spaces: contact and conviviality. Lang Policy, 12, 289–311.
Yin, R. (2003). Case study research, Sage Inc, California.
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